Abstract : Abstract: Omeprazole is a substituted benzimidazole that has gained widespread use in the treatment of acidic and peptic ulcer diseases. Though the adverse events with the drug are rare and involve mainly skin inflammation, urticaria, pruritus, alopecia and dry skin have been reported in 0.5-1.5% of patients. There are very few reports linked to angioedema and urticaria pertaining to Omeprazole or class of PPI as an adverse reaction. Hereby a case of 26-year-old male with hypersensitivity reaction characterized by angioedema (Swelling of lips and fore head). The patient develops adverse drug reaction to Omeprazole may become a hypersensitivity to whole class of PPIs; hence it is to be safer to consider the change of class of drugs for his future correspondence. Simultaneously, all the prescribers should be aware of this possible phenomenon of angioedema while prescribing omeprazole for different clinical indications.

Keyword : Keywords: Adverse drug reactions; Omeprazole ; Angioedema.

Abstract : Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive alpha-oxoaldehyde, which increases under diabetic condition. It is known to form Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) by non-enzymatic glycation following the Maillard reaction. The nature of interaction of methylglyoxal, with milk proteins – alpha-lactalbumin (with substantial amounts of alpha helix, beta sheet and random coil), beta lactoglobulin (a major beta sheeted protein) and alpha S casein (a random coiled protein) have been studied using different spectroscopic techniques at low concentrations ranging from 0-20 micromolar. All the three milk proteins (10 micromolar) in absence and presence of methylglyoxal are incubated at 25oC for 3 and 6 days. UV absorption study indicates that methylglyoxal lowers the scattering above 300 nm observed for all the milk proteins compared to control. Fluorescence studies show that the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence peak intensity increases upon incubation with methylglyoxal with all the three proteins but the tryptophan peak shifts to lower wavelengths only in case of beta lactoglobulin and alpha S casein. Slight decrease in the ANS fluorescence intensity is observed upon methylglyoxal binding to alpha lactalbumin and beta lactoglobulin whereas we see a slight increase in the intensity with alpha S casein. Far-UV CD spectra reveal that upon incubation of the milk proteins with methylglyoxal, the proteins tend to regain its secondary structure than controls (which were incubated under similar conditions in absence of methylglyoxal) and it is more pronounced in case of beta lactoglobulin and alpha S casein than alpha lactalbumin. Methylglyoxal reduces the hydrodynamic diameter of the proteins thereby increasing the compactness of the proteins. All the above studies indicate that methylglyoxal improves the stability of the proteins.

Keyword : alpha lactalbumin, beta lactoglobulin, alpha S casein, methylglyoxal

Abstract : ABSTRACT Preoperative templating is a crucial step in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study was aimed to assess the accuracy of manual templating is reliable with the size for total TKA. Preoperative was performed on 100 patients prior to TKA. The acetate templating (Nexgen®, Zimmer®, 20% magnification) was used in this study. Magnification of radiographs was measured according to standard protocol. The mismatch of standard templated sizes preoperatively and sizes implanted were observed and recorded. The accuracy and reliability of preoperative templating were assessed. Data were analysed using Student’s t-test and ANOVA. Statistical analysis shows that there is no significant difference in the accuracy of templating and actual implant in both tibia and femur components (P > 0.05). The accuracy of template tibia component demonstrated 48% of accuracy and 95% within one size of mismatch. Meanwhile, in femoral, the component templating shown 47% accuracy and 97% within one size mismatch. There was no size mismatch for more than 2 sizes was noted. The study has shown that a higher tendency to template smaller size for both components in total knee arthroplasty is recommended. We concluded that the manual templating is an indispensable preoperative technique for TKA operations. Keywords: Arthroplasty, Total knee arthroplasty, templating, preoperative

Keyword : Arthroplasty, Total knee arthroplasty, templating, preoperative

Abstract : The colon is a site where both local and systemic delivery of drugs can take place. Colonic drug delivery has gained increased importance not just for the delivery of the drugs for the treatment of local diseases associated with the colon like Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, etc. but also for the systemic delivery of proteins, therapeutic peptides, anti-asthmatic drugs, antihypertensive drugs and anti-diabetic agents. To achieve successful colon targeted drug delivery, a drug need to be protected from degradation, release and absorption in the upper portion of the GI tract and then to be ensured abrupt or controlled release in the proximal colon. This paper mainly compares the primary approaches for CDDS (Colon Specific Drug Delivery) namely prodrugs, pH and time dependent systems, and microbial triggered systems, which achieved limited success and had limitations as compared with newer CDDS namely pressure controlled colonic delivery capsules, CODESTM, and osmotic controlled drug delivery (ORDS-CT) which are unique in terms of achieving in vivo site specificity, and feasibility of manufacturing process. Treatment could be more effective if it is possible for drug to be directly delivered to colon.

Keyword : Novel, CDDS, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis.