British Journal of Medical and Health Research

Introduction: Older adults experienced disproportionate levels of morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic, driven by physiological senescence and multi-morbidity. This research evaluates the clinical features, biochemical markers, and survival outcomes of elderly patients within a tertiary care environment in Kerala. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, record-oriented analysis of 626 COVID-19-positive individuals (age ≥60) admitted to T.D. Medical College Hospital, Alappuzha, between June 2020 and January 2021. Statistical associations between demographics, laboratory indices, and clinical outcomes were determined using IBM SPSS version 25. Results: The study population was mostly male (57.7%), with the majority falling in the 60–70 age bracket. Fatigue (58.6%) was the primary clinical complaint, whereas pyrexia was notably absent in many cases. Hypertension (67.3%) was the most prevalent underlying condition. A significant mortality risk was identified in Category C patients (33.9%), those with an admission SpO₂ below 90% (46.0%), and individuals with pre-existing cardiac disease. High ESR, D-dimer, and ferritin levels, along with sodium and potassium imbalances, served as robust predictors of mortality. Conversely, standard antiviral and corticosteroid therapies did not show a correlation with improved survival in this specific cohort. Conclusion: COVID-19 in the elderly frequently presents with non-classical symptoms, complicating early detection. Management should prioritize the monitoring of inflammatory markers and electrolyte levels, as conventional pharmacotherapy demonstrated limited benefit in this demographic.

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Introduction: Physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle are linked to the occurrence of non-communicable diseases, which in some women can lead to maternal and fetal complications. This study aimed to determine the effect of physical activity on cardiovascular parameters in pregnant women. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three district hospitals (Deido, Logbaba, and City of palm trees) between October 2023 and February 2024. Physical activity levels were assessed using a questionnaire adapted for pregnant women. Cardiovascular parameters recorded included overweight and obesity, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Results: A total of 205 women were included in the study. The mean age was 28 ± 5 years. Sedentary lifestyles accounted for 40.4%, obesity for 35.1%, and overweight for 34.1%. Elevated blood pressure was more prevalent in the third trimester of pregnancy compared to the second trimester. Nearly 57.6% had a level of light (43.9%) or moderate (13.7%) physical activity. Only the prevalence of SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, sedentary behavior, and DBP ≥ 90 mmHg varied (p = 0.0001) between physical activity levels. Conclusion: Physical activity has demonstrated its protective effect on certain cardiometabolic risk factors in pregnant women. Therefore, promoting physical activity and combating sedentary lifestyles is essential for pregnant women to prevent the onset of cardiometabolic diseases.