Myocardial infarction

ABSTRACT Amongst all acute myocardial infarction anterior wall myocardial infarction is the most common variant and inferior wall myocardial infarction the second most common. The aim of this study was to study the clinical features, risk factors, complications & overall mortality in acute inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI) admitted to a tertiary care center in PIMSR, Islampur between December 2022 to December 2023. In present study out of the total studied 100 patients 66% were male & 34% were female patients with M: F ratio 1.9:1, with mean age 57.4 years. The highest incidence was noted in 51 to 60 years age group (44%), 87% of patients had chest pain, 34% patients had sinus bradycardia & 40% had AV conduction defects. Total mortality rate was 25% with highest incidence in age group 61-70 yrs. Mortality in females was high (29.4) than males (22.6%). Mortality was highest 38.4% in patients without chest pain group. Incidence of mortality in risk factor groups out of 100 cases & out of 25 total deaths showed Tobacco users – 22.8% & 32%, Hypertension – 21.8% & 28%, Diabetes Mellitus – 34.6% & 36%, Alcohol users – 31.5% & 24% respectively. Mortality rate in relation to Killip’s class was 41.6% in class III, 75% in class IV. Incidence of atrioventricular defects & intraventricular defects was 45% & 11% with mortality rate of 26.6% & 63.6% respectively. Considering clinical presentation with no chest pain MI having high mortality, high complications & mortality rate in risk groups like Tobacco users, Diabetics & Hypertensive patients, proper educational programs are needed. Keywords: Acute, Inferior wall, Myocardial infarction, Conduction abnormalities.

Lipids play a vital role in pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease by causing hyperlipidemia which in turn, leads to the development of atherosclerosis. Hyperlipidaemia is found to be one of the greatest risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease. The available hypolipidaemic drugs have been associated with number of side effects and people are interested in natural therapies. Our previous studies proved that Spermacocehispida exhibit cardio-protective effects by several mechanisms. Spermacocehispida possesses significant anti-oxidant and cardioprotective activities. The present study aimed to investigate the hypolipidaemic effects of Spermacocehispida seed extract on isoproterenol (ISO) induced cardiotoxic rats. Two different doses of the Hydro alcoholic extract of plant such as 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight was used to prove the hypolipidaemic activity against 100mg/kg body weight of (ISO).After administration of S. hispida shows a significant decrease in the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and significant increase in the level of HDL in serum and heart tissues. Therefore it effectively suppressed the ISO induced hyperlipidemia in rats, suggesting the potential protective role in Coronary heart disease.

Major depressive disorder is usual in patients experiencing an episode of myocardial infarction. Different coronary heart disease risk factors do influence the chances of occurrence of post-Myocardial Infarction Depression.The purpose of this work was to test the influence of various coronary heart disease risk factors on the chances of occurrences of the post-Myocardial Infarction Depression.The study was conducted on Patients of Acute myocardial infarction (n=100) attending cardiology Out Patient Department of Assam medical college, Dibrugarh, Assam in 4 to 6 weeks after the index event. The screening was done by The Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders and diagnoses of Major Depressive Disorder were established according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders fourth edition Test Revision criteria. The severity of the depression was assessed by Beck Depression Inventory. Logistic regression analysis was utilized for the analysis.Among the four coronary risk factor variables past history of Myocardial Infarction was found to be influencing the chances of occurrence of post-MI depression ( p = 0.015, Wald = 5.910).Persons having past history of Myocardial Infarction are more susceptible to develop post-Myocardial Infarction Depression.