diabetes mellitus

Uncontrolled diabetes for prolong period results in cognitive decline and memory loss. Decline in effectiveness of processing resources, thinking ability and to recall objects is thought to be a result of mismanagement of diabetes. Early identification of cognitive impairment (CI) and memory loss allows for timely prevention and better prognosis for patients and their caretakers. The aim of this study is to summarize research findings fromdeveloped and developing countries as well as from Pakistan regarding cognitive impairment and memory loss in diabetes mellitus. A total of 58 studies were reviewed regarding cognitive impairment and memory loss among diabetics. The review concluded that for successful management of diabetes, it is important to identify the degree of cognitive impairment and memory loss in patients. Regular screening for cognitive impairment among diabetes patients must be conducted in order to provide optimal patient care.

This study was conducted to compare the quantitative and qualitative aspects of serum ‎cholesterol in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients due to diabetes with that of CRF in patients ‎due to other causes, and assessing the possibility for developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular ‎disease. The study was conducted in 80 Sudanese patients on haemodialysis and peritoneal ‎dialysis, 40 of them had CRF due to Diabetes mellitus and others had CRF due to other ‎causes. Additional 40 health Sudanese served as control. Serum samples were analyzed using ‎standard colorimetric methods to detect concentration of the total cholesterol, triglycerides, ‎high density lipoprotein. In CRF patients due to diabetes mellitus there was significant ‎increase in serum cholesterol level, also there was consequent decrease in high density ‎lipoprotein. The mean of total cholesterol was 255 mg/dl in the first group and in the second ‎was 183 mg/dl, triacylglycerols was 177 mg/dl for the first group and for the second group ‎was 163 mg/dl, low density lipoproteins was 187 mg/dl for the first group and for the second ‎group was 113 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein cholesterol was 27 mg/dl for the first group ‎and 31 mg/dl for the second group. There was no effect of sex, age and the duration of renal ‎failure. This study demonstrated the effect of diabetes mellitus on lipoprotein level in patients ‎with CRF as one of the atherosclerotic risk factor.‎