Reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Manganese nanoparticles, produced via a co-precipitation method, show distinctive advantages over bulk materials due to their elevated surface-to-volume ratio, unique chemical properties, and diminutive size. This study reports the synthesis of Mn3O4 nanoparticles and characterizes them using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, confirming high crystallinity and distinctive Mn-O bonding features. The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles was evaluated against pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis using the agar well diffusion method, exhibiting significant zones of inhibition and demonstrating strong antibacterial potential. The observed effects are attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which impair microbial cell structures and highlight the promise of Mn3O4 nanoparticles in antimicrobial applications. With their chemical adaptability, biocompatibility, and ease of green synthesis, manganese nanoparticles offer future prospects in biomedicine, environmental sciences, and the fight against multidrug-resistant pathogens.