Cardiovascular parameters and physical activity of pregnant women in 3 hospitals in the city of Douala (Cameroon)

Introduction: Physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle are linked to the occurrence of non-communicable diseases, which in some women can lead to maternal and fetal complications. This study aimed to determine the effect of physical activity on cardiovascular parameters in pregnant women. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three district hospitals (Deido, Logbaba, and City of palm trees) between October 2023 and February 2024. Physical activity levels were assessed using a questionnaire adapted for pregnant women. Cardiovascular parameters recorded included overweight and obesity, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Results: A total of 205 women were included in the study. The mean age was 28 ± 5 years. Sedentary lifestyles accounted for 40.4%, obesity for 35.1%, and overweight for 34.1%. Elevated blood pressure was more prevalent in the third trimester of pregnancy compared to the second trimester. Nearly 57.6% had a level of light (43.9%) or moderate (13.7%) physical activity. Only the prevalence of SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, sedentary behavior, and DBP ≥ 90 mmHg varied (p = 0.0001) between physical activity levels. Conclusion: Physical activity has demonstrated its protective effect on certain cardiometabolic risk factors in pregnant women. Therefore, promoting physical activity and combating sedentary lifestyles is essential for pregnant women to prevent the onset of cardiometabolic diseases.

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