Quantitative assessment of long-term complications and glycaemic control of patients with diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary care out-patient facility

Background: Diabetes mellitus is becoming extremely prevalent in India and other developing countries. Diabetes consequences, such as long-term cardiovascular, renal, neurovascular, and retinal problems are primary contributors of disability and mortality, necessitating screening. Objective: To describe the screening strategies of long-term complications amongst patients with diabetes attending a tertiary care out-patient facility. Method: A cross- sectional quantitative analysis was performed using patient’s clinical records. A random sample of 120 individuals with diabetes who consulted the hospital was chosen randomly. The results of the dilated eye, foot and dental examination, urine analysis, cholesterol profile, other associated comorbidities along with demographic data were all extracted. Data was collected and descriptive analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel. Results: The following screening tests were consistently prescribed to be performed: HTN, eye care, foot care, dental care, vaccines, smoking cessation and alcohol cessation. Out of the patients recommended with screening tests, 100% of patients underwent screening for HTN followed by 20% of patients underwent screening for eye care, 38.80 % patients underwent screening for foot care, 14.28% patients for dental care and none of the patients for vaccines, smoking and alcohol cessation. All the patients had their HbA1c tested and highest proportion of patients with abnormal results were found which could eventually lead to long- term side effects. Conclusion: In most individuals, screening for long-term consequences of diabetes mellitus was inadequate, and incorrect documentation of results were common. Screening techniques need to be improved.