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📢 Latest Update: Call for Papers: Special Issue on Medical and Health Research – Submit to British Journal (BJMHR) by March 31, 2026

📢 Latest Update: Call for Papers: Special Issue on Medical and Health Research – Submit to British Journal (BJMHR) by March 31, 2026

Volume 3, Issue 7 - 2016 (July 2016 Issue 7)

Volume 3 Issue 7 Cover

Issue Details:

Volume 3 Issue 7
Published:Invalid Date

Editorial: July 2016 Issue 7

Welcome to the 2016 issue of British Journal of Medical and Health Research. This issue showcases the remarkable breadth and depth of contemporary research across multiple disciplines. From cutting-edge applications of machine learning in climate science to the revolutionary potential of quantum computing in drug discovery, our featured articles demonstrate the power of interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing global challenges.

We are particularly excited to present research that bridges traditional academic boundaries, reflecting our journal's commitment to fostering innovation through cross-disciplinary dialogue. The integration of artificial intelligence with environmental science, the application of blockchain technology to supply chain management, and the convergence of urban planning with smart city technologies exemplify the transformative potential of collaborative research.

As we continue to navigate an era of rapid technological advancement and global challenges, the research presented in this issue offers both insights and solutions that will shape our future. We thank our authors, reviewers, and editorial board members for their continued dedication to advancing knowledge and promoting scientific excellence.

Dr Hemangi J Patel
Editor-in-Chief
British Journal of Medical and Health Research

Articles in This Issue

Showing 10 of 10 articles
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307001

Umbilical Cord Hypercoiling: A Rare Cause Of Intrauterine Fetal Death

Mariam Mathew, Majeda Al Bash, Asem Shalaby, Vaidyanathan Gowri

Coiling of umbilical cord is a normal process during development. Abnormal umbilical coiling is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hyper coiling of umbilical cord may be associated with increased rate of miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, fetal heart decelerations, cord stenosis and intrauterine fetal death. The difference in coiling has been described as an antenatal marker for fetuses at risk. We describe a patient where hypercoiling in a pre term pregnancy contributed to fetal death in a woman with multiple previous caesarean sections. Routine investigations for fetal death were negative in the postpartum period.

Umbilical cordUmbilical coiling indexHypercoilingIntrauterine fetal death
13,031 views
3,978 downloads

Contributors:

 Mariam Mathew
,
 Majeda Al Bash
,
 Asem Shalaby
,
 Vaidyanathan Gowri
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307002

Study of Mycotic Keratitis –Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Complication and Management

Gajraj Singh Gurjar, Laxman Kumar

According to the World Health Organization, corneal diseases are a major cause of vision loss and blindness, second only to cataract in overall Importance A study of recent epidemiological trends in case of fungal corneal ulcer. To study the Precipitating and predisposing factors for fungal corneal ulcer.3.To study the clinical profile of fungal corneal ulcer. Thirty consecutive cases of presumably fungal corneal ulcers admitted in hospital over a period of one year were included in the study. The presumptive diagnosis was based on clinical features and history. The diagnosis was then confirmed by KOH preparation and culture. It was found that fungal corneal ulcer are common in people of 40-60 year and more common in male. Fungal corneal ulcer occur mostly in farmer but in urban area because of over use of topical antibiotics and steroid , fungal ulcer also very common and in urban young population who wear contact lens ,corneal ulcer is common finding. Due to vegetative trauma in rural area and due to over use of topical antibiotics and steroid fungal ulcer is very common problem in urban population .

Corneafungal infectioncorneal ulcerkeratitis.
13,269 views
3,992 downloads

Contributors:

 Gajraj Singh Gurjar
,
 Laxman Kumar
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307003

Investigation of hemolytic anemia caused by chloramines exposure in dialysis water

Magda Magdy Abd El-Salam

This study investigated the relation between hemolytic anemia and the water disinfection schedule of hospitals. Ten dialysis centres in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were selected, with a total of 1000 patients undergoing extended hemodialysis/hemodiafiltration (HD/HF). Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration analyses were performed during one year period in 2015. Hb concentrations were compared on days when the water supply was disinfected using chloramines, with data measured on disinfection-free days. Of those patients 650 were males and 350 were females. Their mean ages were 46.74 ± 13.50 years. The results revealed a maximum Hb level of 15.98 g/dL during HD/HF on the disinfection-free days. The Hb level decreased to 9.32 g/dL with maximum value of 11.57 g/dL on the days of water disinfection (p < 0.001 compared to disinfection-free days). This study revealed the need for developing effective, less hazardous, less expensive and more suitable alternatives to sterilize dialysis water to ensure the quality of health services provided.

dialysis waterhemolytic anemiachloramineshemoglobin
13,337 views
4,042 downloads

Contributors:

 Magda Magdy Abd El-Salam
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307004

Effects of prolonged oral administration of sildenafil citrate on wound healing of diabetic rats

Bukar Umaru, S I Ngulde, M B Mahre, A William, Y H Middah, E P Atela, P A Agbutun, A M Bukar, M M Bashir

Wound healing is a major problem in diabetic patient. Sildenafil citrate was earlier reported as a pro-angiogenic agent found to stimulate angiogenesis. We decided to investigate if oral administrations of sildenafil citrate in type I diabetic rats will enhance wound healing. The study was performed using fourty two rats (42) weighing between 139-225 grams. The rats were grouped A-G, six (6) rats per group. Wound area of 1.5 by 1.5 cm2 was created at the dorsal surface of each rat under sedation with ketamine and local anaesthetic (lignocaine). Type I diabetes was induced using Alloxan monohydrate at dose rate of 130 mg/kg. Sildenafil citrate was administered at a dose rate of 50 mg/kg orally daily for 21 days and 10 international units of insulin was administered intraperitoneally to the control group once. Blood glucose and platelet count were significantly (p<0.05) decrease compared to pre-diabetic period. The wound size contraction did not significantly (p>0.05) decrease as compared to day 3 in diabetic rats. We concluded that oral administration of sildenafil citrate at dose rate of 50 mg/kg did not significantly enhance wound healing in diabetic rats.

Sildenafil citratediabeticwound healingrats
13,364 views
4,121 downloads

Contributors:

 Bukar Umaru
,
 S I Ngulde
,
 M B Mahre
,
 A William
,
 Y H Middah
,
 E P Atela
,
 P A Agbutun
,
 A M Bukar
,
 M M Bashir
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307005

Bacteriological Assessment of Drinking Water Using H2S Test

Shaikh . Sabah, Omar Saad Jumaah

Drinking water is an important resource that needs to be protected from pollution and biological contamination. Water borne diseases continue to be a dominant cause of water borne morbidities and mortality all over the world and helps in the spread of enteric diseases. A total of 38 water samples were tested by the new H2S test methods. According to the H2S test, 24 (63.15%) of the 38 samples had fecal coliforms, while 14 (36.84%) had no faecal contamination. From the 24 positive samples 47 isolates were investigated for the identification of faecal contamination. Out of 47 isolates, 21 (44.70%) were Pseudomonas, 14 (29.78%) were E.coli, 6 (12.76%) were Salmonella, 4 (8.5%) were Klebsiella and 2 (4.25%) were Staphylococcus spp. It is evident from the data presented in this work that H2S producing organisms are consistently associated with the presence of coliforms in water. Enteric bacteria such as Salmonella, and certain species of Klebsiella also produce H2S. The predominant H2S producing bacteria found in polluted drinking water in the present study were Salmonella spp., Klebsiella, Staphylococcus, and H2S producing variants of E.coli. Thus study indicated that the H2S test is a reliable and alternative indicator of fecal contamination in drinking water quality surveillance and screening of large number of water samples in short duration in the field where laboratory facilities are limited.

Bacteriological water qualityH2S testColiformenteric infection
13,436 views
4,120 downloads

Contributors:

 Shaikh . Sabah
,
 Omar Saad Jumaah
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307006

Drug utilization study in the management of acute diarrhoea in the paediatrics department at a tertiary health care institution- A prospective study.

purnima bordoloi, gautam medhi, Karishma adhikari, gautam medhi, karishma adhikari

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the drug utilization pattern and to assess the use of zinc in the management of acute diarrhoea in the Paediatrics department at a tertiary health care institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a Prospective hospital based study which was carried out in the Paediatrics Department at Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati after obtaining permission from the Institutional Human Ethics Committee. About 80 prescriptions were analyzed during the study period of 6 months. All the patients of either sex (male/ Female) between 0-5years age who were coming to the Paediatrics department (outdoor and indoor) suffering from any type of diarrhoea and was prescribed different drugs were included in the study. Patients coming to the Paediatrics department not suffering from diarrhoea were excluded from our study. RESULTS: Out of 96 inpatients, 84 patients were admitted, cured and discharged, while 12 patients were seen as outdoor patient and were not admitted. No complication, deaths or ADR were reported during the hospital stay. Out of these, majority 51 (53.1%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 1.92 years. Most patients (59.4%) were between 1-3years of age. Majority 62.5% were suffered from acute watery diarrhea. Out of 96 patients, 33 (34.4%), 54 (56.2 %) and 9 (9.4%) were diagnosed with no, some and severe dehydration, respectively. No reports on routine examination and culture of stool were obtained. A total 312 drugs were prescribed in these inpatients. Out of the various drugs prescribed, 93 patients (96.9%) were prescribed rehydration fluids like ORS, 81 patients (84.4%) were given intravenous fluids. Other frequently prescribed drugs were Zinc to 96 patients (100 %) followed by antimicrobials in 39 patients (40.6%) and probiotics in only 3 patient (3.1%).Only Two different antimicrobials were prescribed; among these ceftriaxone (30) was the most prescribed followed by metronidazole (9). Out of the 312 formulations prescribed, 102 (32.7%) were oral formulations and 210 (67.3%) were intravenous injections. The mean number of drugs prescribed per patient was 3.25 (range 1 to 4). Regarding utilization of zinc preparations; they were prescribed in 100 % inpatients as monotherapy (mostly zinc gluconate) regardless of any age or any type of diarrhoea. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggested that there is a relatively rational approach to oral and parenteral rehydration therapy, antimicrobials and FDC.

drug utilizationpaediatricsacute diarrhoeazincantibiotics
13,737 views
4,074 downloads

Contributors:

 purnima bordoloi
,
 gautam medhi
,
 Karishma adhikari
,
 gautam medhi
,
 karishma adhikari
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307007

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLET OF AZITHROMYCIN USING NATURAL SUPERDISINTEGRANT

Deepthi Mathew, Mathew George, Lincy Joseph

The oral route remains the preferred route for administration of therapeutic agents because of accurate dosage, low cost therapy, self-medication, non-invasive method and ease of administration leading to high level of patient compliance. However, traditional tablets and capsules administered with a glass of water may be inconvenient or impractical for some geriatric patients because of changes in various physiological and neurological conditions. Therefore, to cater the needs of such patients, recent advancements in technology have resulted in development of viable dosage alternatives popularly known as mouth dissolving tablets. Mouth dissolving drug delivery is rapidly gaining acceptance as an important new drug delivery technology. Mouth dissolving tablets are fast disintegrating and/or dissolving rapidly in saliva before the need for water. Superdisintegrants provide quick disintegration due to combined effect of swelling and water absorption by the formulation. Mucilage of Plant ago Ovate has various characteristics like binding, disintegrating and sustaining properties. Therefore mucilage can be used as superdisintegrant to formulate fast dissolving tablets because it has very high percentage of swelling index. The present work was aimed to formulate the mouth dissolving tablet of Azithromycin by using natural superdisintegrants plant ago mucilage. The results from invitro disintegration time, invitro dissolution study, wetting time and water absorption ratio showed that the plant ago mucilage is more beneficial. Thus it can be concluded that natural superdisintegrant based more cheap mouth dissolving tablets of Azithromycin would be quite effective in treatment, by providing quick onset of action.

Keywords: Azithromycinmouth dissolving tabletsPlantago ovatenatural super disintegrant
14,109 views
4,179 downloads

Contributors:

 Deepthi Mathew
,
 Mathew George
,
 Lincy Joseph
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307008

Investigation of Calendula officinalis whole plant as a gastroprotective and antioxidant in peptic ulcer

anil yadav, Pushpesh K Mishra, P K Jain, Chandana V Rao, Shikha Tiwari, Vikash Singh

Peptic ulcer is a most common ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract that is usually acidic and thus extremely painful. This pathological condition is caused by chronic inflammation due to Helicobacter pylori, excessive use of of NSAIDs like aspirin and smoking. This disorder also results in release of massive amount of toxic free radicals which results in oxidative stress. Ethnobotanically, the whole plant of Calendula officinalis has been reported to be used in the treatment of various disorders including stomach and other diseases. Antiulcer-activity of the 50% ethanolic extracts in order to validate ethnobotanical claims regarding the plant, used in the above disorders. Four groups of six albino rats in each group were used. They were pretreated with (0.25% w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose (negative control, 10 ml/kg), 50 mg/kg ranitidine (positive control), whole plant extract of Calendula officinalis (250 and 450 mg/kg/body weight) and their effect was studied on aspirin induced ulcer, cold-resistant stress-induced ulcers, pylorus ligation and ethanol-induced ulcers. The results of the present study showed that the whole plant extract of Calendula officinalis possessed gastroprotective activity as evidenced by its significant inhibition in the formation of ulcers induced by physical and chemical agents with a maximum of 87.15 % therapeutic efficiency (450 mg/kg b.w.) in cold resistant stress-induced ulcers. The present study was also aimed to investigate the effect of this extract on oxidative stress by measuring the level of various oxidative markers. The result of enzyme assay and lipid peroxidation clearly indicates the whole plant of Calendula officinalis extract have significant antioxidant effect on ulcer pathology. Whole plant extract have decreased LPO (p< 0.001) and SOD (p<0.01) with concomitant increase in catalyse activity in cold resistant stress-induced ulcers.

Calendula officinalisAcidityCRS induced ulcerUlcer index.
13,935 views
4,254 downloads

Contributors:

 anil yadav
,
 Pushpesh K Mishra
,
 P K Jain
,
 Chandana V Rao
,
 Shikha Tiwari
,
 Vikash Singh
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307009

A STUDY ON PRESCRIBING PATTERNS OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS IN CARDIOLOGY IN-PATIENT DEPARTMENT AT A TERTIARY HEALTH CARE INSTITUTION , ASSAM, INDIA.

DR. DIPTIMAYEE DEVI, LAKHIMI BORAH, PRASANJIT KUMAR DEBNATH, DIBYAJYOTI DEKA

Objective: To study the prescription patterns of antihypertensive drugs in a tertiary care hospital with special reference to mono and multi-drug regimens Method: A retrospective, cross sectional analysis of antihypertensive prescriptions was done which included all prescriptions of hypertensive patients admitted in Cardiology inpatient wards of the hospital during the period of January 2016 to June 2016. Patient case records were collected from Medical Records Department of our Hospital and reviewed to extract data on the pattern of antihypertensive drug use. Collected data were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel Sheets. Result: A total of 140 prescriptions were analyzed. 106 (76%) were male patients and 34(24%) were females. Maximum hypertensives were seen in the age group of 60-69 in both sexes and the least were seen in the age group of 20-29 in males and 30-39 in females. Out of the total patients, 38 patients (27%) received monotherapy and 102 (73%) of them received combination therapy. Calcium channel blockers were the most commonly prescribed monotherapy. Two drug combination received by 50 patients (49%), followed by 3 drugs combinations (44 patients,43%) and 4 drugs combination (8 patients,8%) Conclusion: This study shows that the prescribing practices for antihypertensives are inconsistent with the international guidelines. Most of the patients received combination therapy. Further studies needed for rational drug choice based on economic status, co morbidities, that would give additional information.

Antihypertensivesprescribing patternsmono and multi-drug therapy
14,217 views
4,189 downloads

Contributors:

 DR. DIPTIMAYEE DEVI
,
 LAKHIMI BORAH
,
 PRASANJIT KUMAR DEBNATH
,
 DIBYAJYOTI DEKA
Research PaperID: BJMHR0307010

HIF-1α, MMP-1 & MMP-9: A prognostic tool for early breast cancer detection

El Khatib G, Antoun S, Salloum E, Irani J, Anastasiades E, Ghandour F, El Hajj I, Chalhoub E

Breast cancer is one of the most malignant cancers responsible for women death worldwide. Approximately half of them will eventually develop metastases. With early detection, chances of cure increases with a long term survival over 95%. Tumor cells secrete chemotactic factors capable of attracting monocytes to the site of inflammation. Once recruited, monocytes become under direct influence of malignant cells and differentiate into Tumor-Associated Macrophages able to secrete different pro-angiogenic factors, an important extracellular matrix change that enables tumor growth. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between expression levels of selected biomolecules: HIF-1α, MMP-1, MMP-9 and cancer progression. Breast biopsies were collected from patients with four different grades of severity (Grade 0 - Grade 3). cDNA’s was synthetized and quantified using Q-RT-PCR. Correlation between the expression level of these biomolecules and cancer progression / staging was done using statistical tests. Our results showed that expression levels of HIF-1α were significantly higher in G1 compared to G0; MMP-1 and MMP-9 were highly expressed at more advanced stages. As sensitivity/specificity statistical test confirmed, a sequential test is recommended in which HIF-1α is used as a marker for early stages of breast cancer, MMP-1 for determining G2 and G3 stages, and MMP-9 to confirm G3 staging.

HIF-1αMMP1MMP9Breast Cancer
14,076 views
4,285 downloads

Contributors:

 El Khatib G
,
 Antoun S
,
 Salloum E
,
 Irani J
,
 Anastasiades E
,
 Ghandour F
,
 El Hajj I
,
 Chalhoub E

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