vidhyu latha sanata

Spleen is a solid reticuloendothelial organ attached to stomach and kidney with ligaments. Pathologically spleen is majorly associated with hematological disorders.The commonly encountered splenic lesions are as a result of either parasitic infections or trauma. Other causes are rare and often a neglected entity. Splenic lesions can be uni focal or multi focal. The splenic lesions can be categorized as -Congenital, normal variants, infective (acute, chronic), traumatic and mass lesions (benign or malignant). Infective and malignant lesions can be either primary originating in spleen or secondary. Metastatic focal lesions of spleen are frequently seen in malignant melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, breast carcinoma and ovarian neoplasms. Spectrum of Splenic lesions- Congenital anomalies: 1.Asplenia 2.Polysplenia 3.Splenogonadal fusion 4.Retrorenal spleen 5.Accessory spleen 6.Wandering spleen Space occupying lesions Benign lesions 1.Splenic abscess 2.Splenic cysts 3.Splenic epidermoid cyst 4.Splenic hemangioma 5.Splenic hamartoma 6.Splenic lymphangioma 7.Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation of spleen Malignant lesions 1.Lymphoma 2.Angiosarcoma of spleen 3.Haemangiopericytoma of spleen Diffuse infiltrative systemic diseases 1.Splenic tuberculosis 2.Splenic Granulomas 3.Splenic siderosis 4.Splenic histoplasmosis Other abnormalities 1.Splenic rupture 2.Splenic infarct 3. Splenosis Aim of our article is to review imaging findings and highlight the patterns and presentations of different splenic lesions and broaden the horizon of diagnosis from hematological pathologies to a wide varieties of existing pathologies in spleen which are often undiagnosed, missed or overlooked.