Kabilan Natarajan

Urolithiasis plagues are common urinary disease in worldwide. Siddha medicine is one of the traditional systems of medicines practiced in the southern India. Amurthathi Chooranam is a classical Siddha Poly herbal formulation which was analyzed by molecular docking for Urolithiasis. The present study is aimed to accomplish the In Silico computational binding of phytocomponents of Amurthathi Chooranam with the core amino acids (CYS 527, PRO 528, HIS 529, GLY 534, ARG 583, THR 585, ARG 586) of the target protein Tamm–Horsfall protein (PDB) - 4WRN which is involved in calcium oxalate crystallization for management of urolithiasis. Docking calculations were carried out for retrieved phytocomponents against target protein Tamm–Horsfall protein. Essential hydrogen atoms, Kollman united atom type charges, and solvation parameters were added with the aid of AutoDock tools. Docking simulations were performed using the Lamarckian genetic algorithm (LGA) and the Solis & Wets local search method. Initial position, orientation and torsions of the ligand molecules were set randomly.Total 9 bioactive lead compounds were retrieved from the herbs present in Amurthathi Chooranam such as Alpha-phellandrene, Elemene, Elemicin, Tinosporide, Nerolidol, Eugenol, Quercetin, Syringic Acid and Morphine possess maximum of 3-4 interactions with the core active amino acid residues present on the target protein Tamm–Horsfall protein. Based on the results it was concluded that the above mentioned compounds exerts anti-urolithiasis activity by preventing calcium oxalate crystallization which inhibit the target Tamm–Horsfall protein for management of urolithiasis. Keywords: Molecular Docking, Amurthathi Chooranam, Antiurolithiatic activity, Tamm–Horsfall protein

ABSTRACT Liver is a vital organ for metabolism and it is affected due to various diseases and toxic products. It also plays an important role as bio Transformer of xenobiotic which are more toxic and more reactive substances. Though there are some liver tonics in modern medicine, Siddha medicine has innumerable formulations to protect the liver. Jaundice is an important sign of liver disorder. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the commonest cause of liver cancers which leads to 5th common cause of cancers affecting mankind. Liver cirrhosis is the common cause of liver disease in India. There is a need of safe hepatoprotective drug from Siddha system of medicine. The available information was collected from various Siddha and modern literature, scientific databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar etc. One such hepatoprotective drug is Saman Chooranam. But there is no sufficient collective literature report and scientific validation of this formulation. The significance of this review is aimed to provide a brief and collective scientific evaluation of the key active phytochemical components and its pharmacological actions for the possible development of this formulation Saman Chooranam in future perspective. This review reveals that the traditional use, phytochemistry and pharmacological profile of Siddha herbomineral formulation of Saman Chooranam thereby identifying the research lacuna and future steps regarding this drug. Keywords: Siddha medicine, Saman Chooranam, Hepato protective, Herbomineral.