<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Article Tag Suite 1.1//EN"
  "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
         xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"
         article-type="Clinical trials"
         xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>British Journal of Medical and Health Research</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">BJMHR</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2394-2967</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">BJMHR7130003</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Patient Satisfaction with Emergency Department Services: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India * Corresponding Author</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Jain*</surname>
            <given-names>Anshul</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kumar</surname>
            <given-names>Anuj</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">Assistant Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Faridabad, Delhi NCR, India.</aff>
      <aff id="aff2">Master of Hospital Administration Programme, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Faridabad, Delhi NCR, India</aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-17">
        <month>07</month>
        <day>17</day>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>13</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <fpage>25</fpage>
      <lpage>35</lpage>
      <abstract>
        <p>Background: Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of service quality in hospital emergency departments (EDs), where care is delivered under time pressure across multiple service touchpoints. This study assessed satisfaction with ED services at a tertiary care hospital and identified specific dimensions requiring administrative attention. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in the ED of a tertiary care hospital in Faridabad, India, over a 25-day period. A structured, interviewer-administered 15-item questionnaire covering registration, waiting time, doctor and nursing care, facilities, billing, and overall experience was used. Convenience sampling was employed; critically ill or unconscious patients were excluded, with an accompanying relative or attendant responding as proxy. A total of 400 valid responses were analysed using descriptive statistics, and the association between Left Against Medical Advice (LAMA) discharge status and recommendation intent was tested using Fisher&apos;s exact test. Results: Overall, 91.25% of respondents would recommend the ED. Satisfaction was highest for cleanliness (99.8% strongly agree), privacy and dignity (99.8%), and treatment explanation (100% agreement). The weakest item was waiting time for investigation results, with 43.2% dissatisfaction, followed by billing clarity (19.5%). All 35 non-recommenders corresponded exactly to LAMA discharges (Fisher&apos;s exact p &lt; .001). Conclusion: ED service quality was strong overall, particularly in interpersonal and facility domains. Diagnostic turnaround time was the primary improvement area, and dissatisfaction was concentrated among LAMA cases, indicating a targeted rather than broad-based improvement strategy.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>patient satisfaction</kwd>
        <kwd>emergency department</kwd>
        <kwd>hospital administration</kwd>
        <kwd>left against medical advice</kwd>
        <kwd>tertiary care</kwd>
        <kwd>cross-sectional study</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <!-- Full article body not available in metadata-only JATS export. See PDF/HTML galley. -->
  </body>
  <back/>
</article>
